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Teejoin Solar Energy explains the components of a solar photovoltaic system and the role of each part of the equipment
In fact, solar photovoltaic system is a power generation system that directly converts light energy into electricity without the need for a thermal process. Its main components are solar cells, batteries, controllers and photovoltaic inverters. It is characterized by high reliability, long service life, non-polluting environment, independent power generation and grid-connected operation.
Composition of solar photovoltaic power generation system
Photovoltaic power generation system usually consists of photovoltaic array, battery bank (optional), battery controller (optional), inverter, AC distribution cabinet and solar tracking control system, etc.: High Concentrating Photovoltaic System (HCPV) also includes the concentrating part (usually concentrating lens or reflector).
The role of each part of the solar photovoltaic power generation system equipment is as follows.
1, photovoltaic array
Photovoltaic array (PV Array) called photovoltaic array, is composed of a number of photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic panels assembled together in a certain way and with the same set of support structure and DC power generation unit a in the case of light (either sunlight, or other luminous body generated by light), the battery absorbs light energy, the accumulation of heterogeneous charge at both ends of the battery, that is, to produce "photovoltaic". This is the "photovoltaic effect". Under the effect of photovoltaic effect, the two ends of the solar cell to produce electric potential, the light energy into electricity, to complete the energy conversion
2, battery pack (optional)
The role of the battery pack is to store the electrical energy issued by the solar cell array when it is illuminated and can supply power to the load at any time: the basic requirements for the battery pack used in solar cell power generation are: ① low self-discharge rate; ② long service life; ③ strong deep discharge capability; ④ high charging efficiency; ⑤ less maintenance or maintenance-free; ⑥ wide working temperature range; ⑦ low price.
3、Battery controller (optional)
Battery controller is a device that can automatically prevent the battery from over-charging and over-discharging. As the number of cycles of battery charging and discharging and the depth of discharge is an important factor in determining the service life of the battery, so the battery controller that can control the battery overcharge or over discharge is an essential equipment
4、Photovoltaic inverter
Inverter is a device that converts DC power into AC power. When the solar cells and batteries are DC power, and the load is AC load, the inverter is essential j inverter according to the mode of operation, can be divided into off-grid inverter and grid-connected inverter. Off-grid inverters are used for solar cell power systems that operate independently to supply power to the load. Grid-connected inverters are used for solar cell power generation systems that operate grid-connected. According to the output waveform, inverters can be divided into square wave inverters and sine wave inverters. Square wave inverters have simple circuits and low cost, but have large harmonic components and are generally used for systems with less than a few hundred watts and low harmonic requirements. Sine wave inverter has high cost, but it can be applied to various loads.
5、Tracking system
Since the solar photovoltaic power generation system in a certain location, the sunlight angle changes from time to time throughout the year and at sunrise and sunset every day, only when the solar panel can always face the sun, the power generation efficiency will reach the best state.
The common solar tracking control systems in the world need to calculate the angle of the sun at different times of the year according to the longitude and latitude of the placement point, and store the sun position at each time of the year into PLC, microcontroller or computer software, which means that the computer data theory is used to calculate the sun position to achieve tracking. The data and settings of the earth's latitude and longitude areas are required, and once installed, it is inconvenient to move or install and disassemble, and the data must be reset and each parameter adjusted after each move.
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Teejoin Solar Energy Sic-tech is an innovative high-tech company integrating R&D, production and sales. We specialize in manufacturing monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar photovoltaic panels, solar cells, solar power generation systems, flexible solar panels, folding solar panels, solar EVA films, solar water pumps and solar street lights. We Support OEM/ODM.
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